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Overview

Stalemate in Copenhagen

Global attempts to craft a pivotal new climate treaty in Copenhagen this December are being stymied by a far-reaching, multinational backlash led by fossil fuel industries and other heavy carbon emitters, according to an eight-country report by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists. Read More

Stephen Rountree
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Brazil

Competing Interests in Brazil

Pressure is on Brazil, the world’s tenth largest economy, to act boldly on global warming. President Lula da Silva’s administration has proposed targets to reduce deforestation, but the government’s ambitious infrastructure program and recently discovered oil reserves will increase the country’s demand for energy and its carbon emissions. Read More

Ricardo Stuckert/PR
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China

A Climate Dilemma for China

Fast-growing China is key to a global climate pact, but its leaders have made no firm commitments on emissions controls. Despite setting ambitious goals for renewables, the government is under pressure by forces that favor continued heavy reliance on abundant, carbon-intensive coal. Read More

andi808
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International

BINGOs and the Global Lobbyist

Industries that once fought against a global agreement to curb emissions have shifted strategies. Today, they admit that controls are needed, while wooing U.N. delegates — at coffee and hotel bars — to use language that would slow and likely weaken the resulting accord. Read More

UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
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The United States

A Case of Lowered Expectations

President Obama promised a new chapter of U.S. leadership on climate change, but his administration has worked to lower expectations for the emissions cuts the world will see. The problem: vested interests and intensive lobbying in a nation that relies on coal to generate half of its electricity. Read More

Wigwam Jones
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Australia

“Brown Down” in Australia

The sky over Sydney Harbor Bridge reddened this fall due to dust swept in from Australia’s drought-stricken interior. Australia may be especially vulnerable to climate change, but it also relies so heavily on cheap coal that global warming policy has been a battle. Read More

Quentin Jones, Courtesy of Fairfax Media
Key Facts
  • Deforestation responsible for 55 percent of emissions
  • Will double oil production in next 10 years
  • Aims for 80 percent decrease in deforestation by 2020

BrazilBrazil

Caught Between Competing Interests in Brazil

Brasília — Even though Brazil’s carbon emissions are low compared to those of the United States or China, the country plays a key role in global warming as home to the largest expanse of Amazon rain forest: About 55 percent of the country’s emissions are now due to deforestation. Agribusinesses and their political allies have balked at proposed environmental controls, and argue that Brazil should not rush to act on global warming until wealthier countries offer their plans.

Key Facts
  • 70 percent coal-based energy
  • World's largest carbon emitter
  • Goal of 15 percent renewable energy by 2020

ChinaChina

A Climate Dilemma for China

Beijing — Although China is now the world’s top greenhouse gas producer, it leaders insist that Western countries, which contributed the bulk of carbon emissions, bear primary responsibility for a solution. Even within China’s one-party system, businesses vie for influence on climate policy. And the battle now being played out will have profound consequences for the effort to address global warming.

Key Facts
  • Largest historical carbon emitter
  • Climate lobbyists soared 400 percent in six years
  • Eyeing return to near 1990 levels by 2020

United StatesUnited States

A Case of Lowered Expectations

Washington — Other nations complain that the United States, despite President Obama’s pledge of leadership, has not made the commitment to address climate change that is needed from the country that over time has contributed the most to the greenhouse gas burden now in the atmosphere. His international negotiators have worked to lower expectations for what the world can expect from a nation where coal-fired, energy-gobbling industries dominate the political scene and there are five climate lobbyists for every member of Congress.

Key Facts
  • Global leader in coal exports
  • Largest per-capita greenhouse emissions among major global economies
  • Aims for 20 percent renewable energy by 2020

AustraliaAustralia

“Brown Down” in Australia

Sydney — Scores of interests have fought over the last year to “brown down” Australia’s first comprehensive plan to cut its greenhouse gas emissions. Although the hot and dry continent faces severe peril due to climate change, industries that rely on cheap coal power have used the threat of economic risk to fight Prime Minister Kevin Rudd’s effort to address global warming.

Key Facts
  • Population predicted to reach 1.7 billion by 2050
  • More than one million new cars annually
  • Fifth-largest emitter of greenhouse gases

IndiaIndia

India Struggles To Confront Climate Change

Indian officials and industry leaders seem of one mind over how to move the booming Indian economy forward, and that has meant a low priority for combating climate change. India is now the world’s fifth largest emitter of greenhouse gases, and officials in Delhi say they want to be “a dealmaker not a deal breaker” in Copenhagen. But government policies intended to slow global warming are being implemented slowly or not at all. Check back on Monday, November 23, for the full story.

Twitter Feed
  • Brazilian Senate's Infrastructure Committee approves climate change bills http://bit.ly/22T7qB They still have to pass by other 2 committees

  • Industry, enviros react to lower expectations at #COP15. http://bit.ly/1BHGoP #Climate

  • Rockefeller: "They don’t have a deal until they get the coal-state senators, and they are a long way from doing it." http://bit.ly/13KUMl

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Quotes in the News
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“ The developed world has not lived up to the expectations of populations across the globe. … We must break down the barriers between North and South, between developed and developing countries, and establish collaborative arrangements whereby we can work together.”

Rajendra K. Pachauri, chairman of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Rajendra K. Pachauri, chairman of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

“ BusinessEurope makes a lot of contributions to the EU policy debate and is quite often given the floor in the UNFCCC context.”

Daniel Cloquet, director of industrial affairs for BusinessEurope Daniel Cloquet, director of industrial affairs for BusinessEurope

“ The only way to get to these low levels is for the whole world to act together with common targets and a common carbon price. We're not going to have a common approach. We're not going to have everyone with the same target and the same price on carbon.”

Brian Flannery, science program manager, Exxon Mobil Brian Flannery, science program manager, Exxon Mobil

“ Our effort has been on each of these missions, wherever required, we also take business and industry along with us.”

Shyam Saran, India’s special envoy on climate change Shyam Saran, India’s special envoy on climate change

“ We can get something done if it's based on what we all need. We can't get something done if it's based on what we all ideally want.”

Todd Stern, U.S. lead climate negotiator Todd Stern, U.S. lead climate negotiator

“ In the beginning the access is pretty open. … You make three important points over a drink at a reception. It’s the UN fabric. In the beginning you have maybe 200 contacts and at the end only 20. At that point long-term relationships are important.”

Jos Delbeke, European Commission Office of the Directorate-General for the Environment Jos Delbeke, European Commission Office of the Directorate-General for the Environment

“ You’re turning around a huge ocean liner that’s been going in one direction for the whole industrial revolution. It is difficult and requires time. It requires creativity. It requires adaptability. It requires flexibility.”

Stuart Eizenstat, former U.S. ambassador to the EU and President Clinton’s chief negotiator on the Kyoto protocol Stuart Eizenstat, former U.S. ambassador to the EU and President Clinton’s chief negotiator on the Kyoto protocol

“ I don’t want to spend time with senators. I’d rather spend time with staff, because I need to be in the details. People like to say ‘The devil is in the details,’ but my momma taught me God is in the details.”

James Rogers, chief executive of Duke Energy James Rogers, chief executive of Duke Energy

“ The science is clear and conclusive, and the impacts can no longer be ignored.”

President Barack Obama, United States President Barack Obama, United States

“ This is the second independence of Brazil (on the recent discovery of vast oil reserves).”

President Luiz Inacio Lula de Silva, Brazil President Luiz Inacio Lula de Silva, Brazil

“ Many of those industries say they support zero deforestation. They all are favorable to zero deforestation, but only if it doesn’t affect their own land.”

Carlos Minc, Brazil’s environment minister Carlos Minc, Brazil’s environment minister

“ Promising too much, too soon when it comes to alternatives risks rendering the entire effort politically and economically unsustainable. And the world can't afford that.”

Lamar McKay, chairman and president of BP America Lamar McKay, chairman and president of BP America

“ They can’t hinder regulations; that ship has left the dock. Now they try to prepare for this new transition. They say, ‘If we do that, we’ll have a chair at the table and can influence regulation.’ ”

Irja Vormedal, research fellow, University of Oslo Irja Vormedal, research fellow, University of Oslo

“ The usual industry you will find in the BINGO groups are the oil and gas industry, chemical industry — anybody who doesn't want to have their emissions reduced has been coming to this process to try to disrupt it ever since the beginning.”

Rémi Gruet, regulatory affairs advisor, European Wind Energy Association Rémi Gruet, regulatory affairs advisor, European Wind Energy Association

“ The only way you really get leverage is if you can convince a delegation at home that it’s in their interest to have their instructions say this or that.”

Nick Campbell, lobbyist for Arkema Chemicals and climate change chair of the International Chamber of Commerce Nick Campbell, lobbyist for Arkema Chemicals and climate change chair of the International Chamber of Commerce

“ The last thing we want is a target for 2020 that we can’t meet. … We have to reduce our emissions; it’s just a question of speed.”

John Scowcroft, head of environment, Eurelectric John Scowcroft, head of environment, Eurelectric

“ The implication that lobbying somehow is sinister, I don’t buy it. We play an important role in that in terms of information gathering and information sharing.”

Kevin Fay, lobbyist and coolants representative Kevin Fay, lobbyist and coolants representative

“ There’s going to be two more years of detailed nuts and bolts to work out… It's in those details that business will become very active to make sure the rules are written in such a way that favors what they’re going to try to do.”

Doug Russell, former delegate from Canada; now private business consultant Doug Russell, former delegate from Canada; now private business consultant

“ We need to get all the energy and clean it up as fast as we can, as efficiently as we can, while we keep the jobs, because we need the jobs to keep the quality of life improving.”

Red Cavaney, ConocoPhillips Red Cavaney, ConocoPhillips

“ You need a cap on emissions, and you need to signal that that cap is coming so that folks have time to react.”

Michael Allegretti, The Climate Group, an association of corporations and governments Michael Allegretti, The Climate Group, an association of corporations and governments

“ The discussion leading into Copenhagen has been ‘Oh, we need leadership, we need leadership.’ Leadership off a cliff is not leadership.”

John Felmy, economist, the American Petroleum Institute John Felmy, economist, the American Petroleum Institute

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International Consortium of Investigative Journalists

The Center’s International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) is a collaboration of some of the world’s leading investigative reporters. ICIJ extends globally the Center’s style of watchdog journalism, working with 100 reporters in 50 countries to produce long-term, transnational projects.

ICIJ website